About the article
А.L. YABLONEV A.N. BOLOTOV,
Extreme operating conditions of mining equipment (abrasive dust, high humidity, shock and vibration loads, a wide temperature range) limit the service life of traditional lubricants and seals. This article presents an analytical review of the physicochemical, rheological, and tribological properties of magnetic lubricating fluids (MLFs) as a class of "smart" fluids and lubricants. Based on a critical analysis of the work of Russian and international authors, this article systematizes data on the influence of magnetite nanoparticle concentration, magnetic field parameters, and friction pair materials on the friction coefficient, wear, and load-bearing capacity of MLFs. The article summarizes the results of experimental tests of MLFs in magnetic fluid plain bearings, shaft seals, belt conveyor rollers, drilling tools, gearbox gears, as well as in magnetic separation processes, magnetoflotation, cutting fluids, and hydraulic fracturing. The tabular presentation presents quantitative indicators for reducing rotational resistance (up to 73 %), increasing water resistance (retaining properties after 24 hours in coal slurry), increasing service life (by 1,6…7 times), gold recovery during magnetic flotation (92…97 % versus 75…82 %), and reducing cutting tool wear (by 50…70 %). Key promising areas are identified: large-gap seals (up to 0,8 mm), hybrid "lubrication and sealing" systems, adaptive magnetorheological dampers, and intelligent monitoring systems for magnetic fluid condition. A forecast for technology development through 2035 is provided.
magnetic fluid, ferrofluid, tribological properties, magnetic fluid bearing, magnetic fluid seal, belt conveyor, roller bit, magnetoflotation, cutting fluid, magnetite nanoparticles.