About the number
ON THE FRICTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SURFACE
OF THE GAS-LASER CUT OF HIGH-SPEED STEEL R6M5
Authors: V.V. IZMAILOV, Dr. Sc., L.E. AFANASIEVA, Cand. Sc.,
M.V. NOVOSELOVA, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The results of the experimental study of the static friction coefficient of high-speed
steel R6M5 samples after gas-laser cutting and hardened according to the standard technology
are presented. Based on the interpretation of the Amontons and Coulomb laws of friction as
equations of linear regression of the friction force on the normal pressure force, the values of
the friction coefficients of the steel samples in contact with spherical indeters made of various
materials: zirconium, ZlM800 copper-gold alloy and corundum were obtained by statisticalprocessing of the experimental results. The values of the specific friction force (shear strength
of the frictional contact) have been experimentally measured. It is shown that the specific
friction force depends very little on the normal contact pressure (average normal stress in the
contact). The value of the specific friction force in the contact of R6M5 steel with a corundum
indenter is several times greater than that in contact with metal indenters.
Keywords: high-speed steel, gas laser cutting, friction coefficient, specific friction
force, Amontons – Coulomb friction laws, linear regression.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR STUDYING SLIDING
BRUSH-COLLECTOR CONTACT AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
Authors: A.F. GUSEV, Cand. Sc., V.V. IZMAILOV, Dr. Sc.,
M.V. NOVOSELOVA, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The description of the design of the installation for studying the frictional and
electrical characteristics of the brush-collector unit of electric motors at ambient temperatures
up to 200 °C is given. The installation enables dynamic measurement of the collector rotation
speed, normal contact load, friction force, current through the contact, transient voltage drops,
temperature in the heat-chamber. The characteristic of wear resistance is the linear wear rate
determined after testing. To illustrate the capabilities of the installation, the results of
comparative tests of four electric brush materials are given. The results showed that the best
combination of operational characteristics is possessed by a material with a composition of
40 % – copper; 20 % – graphite; 40 % – molybdenum disulfide.
Keywords: brush, collector, friction, wear, electrical resistance, high temperatures,
materials.
PREDICTION OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF PARTS
BY INDENTING IN DIFFERENT LOADING CONDITIONS
Authors: M.M. MATLIN, Dr. Sc., V.A. KAZANKIN, Cand. Sc.,
E.N. KAZANKINA, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The paper describes the methods of nondestructive control of the strength properties of
steels under various loading conditions based on the results of measuring the plastic hardness.
In particular, methods for determining the yield strength in tension, shear, crushing, bending,
torsion are given. As an example of using the developed methods, an assessment of the equal
strength of thread elements is given.
Keywords: indenter, plastic hardness, yield point, tension, shear, crushing, bending,
torsion.
EVALUATION OF TRIBOTECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF FRICTION PAIRS WITH SOLID LUBRICATING COATINGS
OF DIFFUSION TYPE FOR NORMAL ATMOSPHERIC OPERATING CONDITIONS
Authors: P.N. KHOPIN, Dr. Sc.
Abstract: As a result of the studies carried out, the linear wear rate Ih of solid lubricating
coatings (TSP) of the diffusion type dimolite (M801) in friction pairs with various
counterbodies (D16T, VT3-1, Fe-Pb, Mo, Mo + 30 % MoS2, Mo + 50 % MoS2 , dimolite,
graphite) for normal atmospheric conditions. The linear wear rate of the best pairs
with dimolite, comparable to the TSP of suspension deposition of VNII NP 212, was
Ih = (2.9...5.51) · 10–10 for counterbodies made of Fe-Pb pseudo-alloy, molybdenum,
combined materials Mo + MoS2 and dimolite. The best antifriction properties (ffr = 0.02) in a
pair with dimolite are found by counterbodies made of D16T, VT3-1, pseudo-alloy Fe-Pb and
molybdenum.
Keywords: solid lubricating diffusion coatings, normal atmosphere, tribotechnical
characteristics, counterbody.
THREE-JAW MECHANIZED WEDGE CHUCK
Authors: A.P. ARKHAROV, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The article analyzes of the mechanized jaw chucks on technological equipment is
done. The variable motion three-jaw chuck drawing is given below. A comparative analysis
of the developed chuck and known designs is carried out. The development originality, scope
of use and the achieved technical result are reflected in this work.
Keywords: chuck, jaws, wedge, mechanized, workpiece, fixing, installation.
DETERMINATION OF THE GEAR RATIO OF A PLANETARY MECHANISM
BASED ON THE INSTANTANEOUS CENTER OF ROTATION THEOREM
Authors: A.A. GOLOVNIN, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The article is devoted to substantiating the possibility of a unified approach to
determining the gear ratio of mechanical gears with both movable and fixed axles. It is shown
that the derivation of equations for the gear ratio of a planetary mechanism, along with the
Willis method, can be performed similarly to mechanical transmissions with fixed axes based
on the concept of an instantaneous center of velocities. To do this, similarly to mechanical
gears with fixed axes, the planetary mechanism must be divided into two simple mechanisms,
the first of which contains a solar and planetary wheel, and the second – a planetary wheel
and a carrier rotating around their own instantaneous centers of velocities. The derivation of
the equation has the same reasoning logic as the graphoanalytic Kutzbach–Smirnov method.
The combined use of analytical and graphoanalytic methods with the same nature allows you
to combine accuracy in the first case, and visibility in the second, which is most appropriate in
the learning process and contributes to better mastering the kinematics of the planetary
mechanism, which is usually difficult to study.
Keywords: planetary mechanisms, gear ratio, analytical method, instantaneous center
of rotation.
JUSTIFICATION OF MOUTHPIECE PARAMETERS
FOR A SUCTION NOZZLE OF A PEAT PNEUMATIC HARVESTER
Authors: А.L. YABLONEV, Dr. Sc., D.M. SCHERBAKOVA, Postgraduate
Abstract: The efficiency of suction of milling chips by pneumatic peat harvesters is largely
determined by the height and angle of installation of the suction nozzle in relation to the
underlying surface. However, the issue of increasing the efficiency of the machine with a
constant suction speed is not limited to this. To increase the efficiency of the pneumatic
harvester, it is proposed to equip the suction nozzles with mouthpieces. The study has proved,
that the maximum efficiency, according to the criterion of the length of the axis of the active
zone of the suction flare, has a nozzle, installed at an angle of 30…35°, equipped with a
mouthpiece with an activation angle of 50…55°. Comparison of the efficiency of the nozzle
without a mouthpiece and with a mouthpiece showed that the proposed mouthpiece is able to
more, than double the length of the axis of the active zone of the suction plume, and,
consequently, to increase the efficiency of the machine.
Keywords: peat, pneumatic peat harvester, suction nozzle, air speed, anemometer, peat
crumb, mouthpiece, spread activation angle, spread angle of attack.
ANALYSIS OF THE GRINDING PROCESS WEAK ROCKS
Authors: I.V. GORLOV
, Dr. Sc., P.E. MITUSOV
Abstract: The paper presents an analysis of various methods of destruction of rocks for the most
common mining machines. The basics of the process of destruction of weak rocks and their
influence on the energy efficiency of destruction are described. The need to develop a new
type of grinding equipment that can be used for the simultaneous destruction and
classification of weak rocks has been substantiated. The design of the grinder-classifier is
presented, its description is given, and the principle of operation and the basis of engineering
calculations of parameters are presented.
Keywords: shredder-classifier, fields of slip lines, shear stresses, shaft-shredder,
perforated drum, different peripheral speeds.
SCHEMES AND DETECTORS
OF SELF-CALIBRATING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS
Authors: L.V. ILYASOV, Dr. Sc.
Abstract: Gas chromatographs self-calibration consist in including of mass or volume of gas
phase sample (or it known part) measuring in analyzing media, injected during analysis. Gas
phase mass or volume of individual compounds determines using densitometer or detector of
equal sensitivity during chromatographic analysis that allows mass or volume concentration
detection in analyzing media without prior calibration of gas chromatograph. Modern gas
phase densitometer detectors and detector of equal sensitivity suitable for application in selfcalibration chromatographs are determined and correlation curves describing analytical signal
and calculation procedures providing self-calibration procedures are given. Application of
self-calibration chromatographs provides simple interpretation of measuring information,
obtained during gas chromatography analysis.
Keywords: calibration, chromatograph, gas phase density detector, detector of equal
sensitivity.
APPROACHES TO CREATION OF AUTOMATED PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
IN MACHINERY AND INSTRUMENT MAKING
Authors: G.B. BURDO, Dr. Sc., A.N. BOLOTOV, Dr. Sc.
Abstract: It is shown that control in these production systems should be performed according to
the quality parameter while simultaneously taking measures to reduce time and material costs.
It is proposed to use the theory of the product life cycle as a methodological basis for the
analysis of activity processes. One of the main factors that determine the efficiency of
automated production is the time interval from the beginning of product design to its release.
Measures are considered, allowing to reduce the time of release of a sample of a new product.
The main measures for the implementation of a process approach to the management of
automated production systems have been determined. The requirements for technological
divisions of the production system, and for personnel and personnel policy in the organization
have been identified.
Keywords: mechanical engineering, organizational and technological production
systems, quality management, management of organizational processes, decision
support.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ONTOLOGY STRUCTURAL COMPONENT
OF THE ENGINEERING SUBJECT AREA USING A RELATIONAL DATABASE
Authors: E.V. POLETAEVA, Cand. Sc., I.V. GORLOV, Dr. Sc.
Abstract: The efficiency of functioning of modern machine-building production depends not
only on automating all its stages, but also on integrating these stages on the basis of a unified
knowledge base. The paper presents a program realization of the terminology system, which
is the basis of the domain ontology of engineering industry. The role of ontology in the
integration of all stages of automated production and terminology system ‒ its structural
component ‒ is considered. Complexity and large dimensionality of machine-building
production systems determine the complexity and volume of ontology. The structure of
terminological system construction, which is the basis for the production of logical
conclusions for obtaining new knowledge from the existing in the system, is offered. The
example of the software module, implemented using a relational database, designed to enter,
store, change and display the main information elements of the terminological system of
machine-building production is given.
Keywords: mechanical engineering, design automation, technological preparation of
production, ontology, structural modeling, terminological system, CALS-technologies,
knowledge bases.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRIBOLOGICAL SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT
OF THE APPLIED PHYSICS DEPARTMENT AS A REFLECTION
OF THE TECHNICAL POTENTIAL OF RUSSIA
(ON THE OCCASION OF THE CENTENARY OF THE TVSTU)
Authors: O.O. NOVIKOVA, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The article describes the history of the tribological school of the Department of
Applied Physics of Tver State Technical University in the context of the development of the
technical potential of Russia. The information about the directions of the scientific school
created at different times and outstanding scientists working at the department is given.
Keywords: department, tribological school, scientific activity, friction, education.
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT
«TECHNOLOGY OF METALS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE» IN THE SCIENTIFIC
AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF TVER STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
(ON THE OCCASION OF THE CENTENARY OF THE TVSTU)
Authors: D.A. BARCHUKOV, Cand. Sc.
Abstract: The article describes the formation and development of the Department of
«Technology of metals and materials science» TvSTU in the period from its creation to the
present. The information on the most significant results of the scientific activity of the staff of
the department, including scientific and educational-methodical publications, is given.
Provides biographical information about the heads and staff of the department who worked at
different times, who made a significant contribution to the development of the department.
The article describes educational programs of higher education and additional professional
education implemented at different times.
Keywords: department, teaching staff, scientific activity, education.